Cultural Influences and Transmedia Literacy: Informal Learning Among Emirati Adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26439/contratexto2025.n44.7864Keywords:
transmedia literacy , informal digital learning , cultural influences , Emirati adolescents , digital citizenship, participatory cultureAbstract
This study explores the digital engagement and transmedia literacy of Emirati adolescents using a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods approach. By analyzing information gathered from surveys (n = 1,346), digital diaries, workshops, and interviews, the researchers discovered a significant disconnect between informal digital learning and formal education. Seventy-five percent of participants engaged in content creation, whether through active or hybrid means, while 25 % primarily consumed content passively. Only 15 % felt their digital skills were recognized in academic settings; 60 % reported no recognition, and 25 % remained uncertain. Cultural norms, parental oversight, and socioeconomic differences significantly influenced creative autonomy and access, thereby reinforcing educational inequities. Participants demonstrated basic skills in critical evaluation, but they lacked proficiency in transmedia storytelling and ethical decision-making. These findings emphasize the necessity for culturally responsive pedagogies and policies that incorporate informal learning practices while fostering equitable digital citizenship, effectively connecting emergent youth practices with formal educational frameworks.
Downloads
References
Al Jenaibi, B. A., & Al Mansoori, A. A. (2022). Use of social media in teaching high school students: A case of United Arab Emirates. Contemporary Review of the Middle East, 9(2), 158-183. https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989211017567
Al Ketbi, N., Habes, M., Shaheen, L., Attar, R. W., Tahat, D., & Alhazmi, A. H. (2025). The impact of social media use on tolerance, community peace, and online ethical awareness among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, Article 1500727. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1500727
Al Shaibah, A. (2024). Transforming traditions: Youth and the digital evolution of the Emirati majlis. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 12(9), 478-501. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2024.129028
Alaleeli, S., & Al-Najjar, A. (2020). The Arab digital generation’s engagement with technology: The case of high school students in the UAE. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 10(1), 159-178. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.756
Awofeso, N., Gaber, Y., & Bamidele, M. (2019). Determinants of youth engagement with health information on social media platforms in United Arab Emirates. Health, 11(2), 249-262. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.112022
Barqawi, H. J., Samara, K. A., Al Chame, H. Q., Al Shyyab, I. M., N., & Almaazmi, M. A. (2023). Emirati adolescents’ and young adults’ usage of social media for health information. Children, 10(10), Article 1636. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10101636
Boyd, D. (2014). It’s complicated: The social lives of networked teens. Yale University Press.
Brand, A., Allen, L., Altman, M., Hlava, M., & Scott, J. (2015). Beyond authorship: Attribution, contribution, collaboration, and credit. Learned Publishing, 28(2), 151-155. https://doi.org/10.1087/20150211
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage.
Darwish, E. B. (2025). Digital media engagement and literacy among UAE youth: A mixed-methods investigation of usage patterns and digital inequalities. Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00117_1
Deacon, D. Pickering, M., Golding, P., & Murdock, G. (2021). Researching communications: A practical guide to methods in media and cultural analysis (3rd ed.). Bloomsbury.
Engeström, Y. (2014). Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research. Cambridge University Press.
Eppard, J., Kaviani, A., Bowles, M. & Johnson, J. (2021). EdTech culturation: Integrating a culturally relevant pedagogy into educational technology. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 19(6), 516-530. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.19.6.2065
Estebanell-Minguell, M., González-Martínez, J., Esteban-Guitart, M., & Serrat-Sellabona, E. (2021). Media profiles and transmedia learning in university students. International Journal of Learning Technology, 16(4), 324-339. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLT.2021.121369
Farooq, A., Salminen, J., Martin, J. D., Aldous, K., Jung, S.-G., & Jansen, B. J. (2024). Exploring social media privacy concerns: A comprehensive survey study across 16 Middle Eastern and North African countries. IEEE Access, 12, 147087-147105. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3463869
GMI Research Team. (2024). UAE social media statistics 2024. Global Media Insights. https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/uae-social-media-statistics-2024
Government of the United Arab Emirates. (2025). UAE national digital government strategy 2025. https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/strategies-initiatives-and-awards/strategies-plans-and-visions/government-services-and-digital-transformation/uae-national-digital-government-strategy
Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. NYU Press.
Jenkins, H., Ito, M., & boyd, d. (2015). Participatory culture in a networked era: A conversation on youth, learning, commerce, and politics. Wiley.
Kippels, S. & Ridge, N. (2019). The growth and transformation of K–12 education in the UAE. En K. Gallagher (Ed.), Education in the United Arab Emirates: Innovation and transformation (pp. 37-55). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7736-5_3
Ito, M., Gutiérrez, K., Livingstone, S., Penuel, W. R., Rhodes, J., Salen, K., Schor, J., Sefton-Green, J., & Watkins, S. C. (2013). Connected learning: An agenda for research and design. Digital Media & Learning Research Hub.
Livingstone, S. M., & Blum-Ross, A. (2020). Parenting for a digital future: How hopes and fears about technology shape children’s lives. Oxford University Press.
Livingstone, S., Mascheroni, G., & Stoilova, M. (2021). The outcomes of gaining digital skills for young people’s lives and wellbeing: A systematic evidence review. New Media & Society, 25(5), 1176-1202. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211043189
Livingstone, S., & Sefton-Green, J. (2016). The class: Living and learning in the digital age. NYU Press.
Livingstone, S., & Third, A. (2017). Children and young people’s rights in the digital age: An emerging agenda. New Media & Society, 19(5), 657-670. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816686318
Masanet, M. J., Guerrero-Pico, M., & Establés, M. J. (2019). From digital native to digital apprentice. A case study of the transmedia skills and informal learning strategies of adolescents in Spain. Learning, Media and Technology, 44(4), 400-413. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2019.1641513
Miladi, N. Ben Messaoud, M., Alkhateeb, G., Ashour, A., Al-Mohannadi, H., Fetais, A., Alorfe, A., & Alabidi, F. (2022). Digital youth in Qatar: Negotiating culture and national identity through social media networks. Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, 15(2), 151-177. https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00045_1
Mohamed, T. I., Zhran, A. R., Osman, N. A. Q., & Badr, A. N. (2024). The role of social media in enhancing adolescents’ digital life quality: A survey study in the UAE. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 29(1), Article 2358081.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2024.2358081
Pennycook, G., Epstein, Z., Mosleh, M., Arechar, A. A., Eckles, D., & Rand, D. G. (2021). Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online. Nature, 592(7855), 590-595. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03344-2
Risteska, A. (2023). Aware and critical navigation in the media landscape: (Un)biased algorithms and the need for new media literacy in the era of artificial intelligence and digital media. KAIROS: Media and Communications Review, 2(2), 16-38.
Saldaña, J. (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (4th ed.). Sage.
Scolari, C. A., Masanet, M.-J., Guerrero-Pico, M., & Establés, M.-J. (2018). Transmedia literacy in the new media ecology: Teens’ transmedia skills and informal learning strategies. El Profesional de la Información, 27(4), 801-812.
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.jul.09
Shin, D. (2022). How do people judge the credibility of algorithmic sources? AI & Society, 37(1), 81-96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01158-4
Shin, D., & Kee, F. K. (2023). Editorial note for special issue on AI and fake news, misinformation, and algorithmic bias. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 67(3), 241-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2023.2225665
Tahat, K., Tahat, D.N., Masoori, A., Habes, M., Alghazo, E., Ketbi, N. (2023). Role of social media in changing the social life patterns of youth at UAE. In Alareeni, B. A. M. & Elgedawy, I. (Eds.), Artificial intelligence (AI) and finance: Vol. 488. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39158-3_14
Tombleson, B. (2024). Transmedia learning: A literature review. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 33(2), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2024.2310681
UAE Media Office. (2021, January 25). Quality of digital life. https://www.mediaoffice.ae/en/news/2021/Jan/25-01/Quality-of-Digital-life
Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2019). The first-level digital divide shifts to the second-level. New Media & Society, 21(2), 354-375.
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All of the works published are licensed under a CC BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution license. (updated on March 1st 2021)
The content of the journal may be shared in any material or format. The content may be adapted, contributed upon and transformed. Both possibilities are only permitted in so far as they complete the following conditions:
- Attribution: Credit must be given where it is due, a link to the license must be provided and changes, if made, must be indicated. This should be done in the manner deemed appropriate, without suggesting that the licensor promotes you or your use of the material.
Ownership rights
The patrimonial rights for Contratexto are published under a Creative Commons BY 4.0 license, allowing authors to keep the patrimonial rights to their work without restrictions.
If a work published in Contratexto were to be copied, distributed, spread, or any other activities contemplated in the aforementioned license, the author(s) and the journal must be mentioned visibly and expressly.
Self-archive
This journal allows and encourages authors to post items submitted to the journal on personal websites or institutional repositories both prior to and after publication, while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable, its publication in this journal.













