Care and social language linked to the built environment: Amsterdam and Barcelona cases

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26439/limaq2026.n017.7911

Keywords:

blackboxing, care, environmental crisis, public action, urban environments

Abstract

The article addresses care as a language of public action in the context of environmental crises, through a comparative study of Amsterdam and Barcelona. Both cities, celebrated as global urban success stories, exemplify processes of blackboxing (Latour, 2001), where models from the Global North are projected as universal, rendering invisible the conflicts that shaped them that shaped them. In Amsterdam, the movement Stop de Kindermoord emerged in response to high child mortality caused by road accidents, prompting policies for safer active mobility; in Barcelona, the climate emergency and a fatal accident mobilized citizens and accelerated urban redesign. The research asks: Who are the main actors in constructing the discourse of urban care? and Which languages of public action are employed? The analysis shows how conflicts around care, through forms of situated co-production, can act as catalysts of systemic urban change in other geographic contexts.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Álvarez, P. (2009, 17 de junio). Por qué Madrid no es Ámsterdam. El País. https://elpais.com/diario/2009/06/17/madrid/1245237860_850215.html

Blanchar, C. (2023, 10 de mayo). Un carril bici en el santuario del coche de Barcelona. El País. https://elpais.com/espana/catalunya/2023-05-11/un-carril-bici-en-el-santuario-del-coche-de-barcelona.html

BREATHE. (2017). Final report summary. Brain development and air pollution ultrafine particles in school children. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/268479/reporting

Burgen, S. (2020, 11 de noviembre). Barcelona launches 10-year plan to reclaim city streets from cars. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/11/barcelona-launches-10-year-plan-to-reclaim-city-streets-from-cars

Burgos Con Bici. (2016). Relatos presentados al II Concurso de Microrrelatos de Burgos Con Bici 2016. https://www.burgosconbici.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Relatos-presentados.pdf

Carta Mundial por el Derecho a la Ciudad. (2012). Revista de Paz y Conflictos, (5), 184-196. https://www.ugr.es/~revpaz/documentacion/rpc_n5_2012_doc1.pdf

Castrezzati, M. (2023, 28 de marzo). Barcelona’s superblocks: Putting people at the centre – literally. City Changers. https://citychangers.org/barcelona-superblocks/

Comisión Europea. (2019, 24 de julio). Calidad del aire: la Comisión remite a Bulgaria y España ante el Tribunal de Justicia por no proteger a sus ciudadanos contra la mala calidad del aire. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/es/ip_19_4256

Concello de Pontevedra. (2020). Ordenanza reguladora de la movilidad amable y de la utilización de los espacios públicos en el Concello de Pontevedra. https://www.pontevedra.gal/arquivos/Ordenanza-reguladora-de-la-Movilidad-Amable-CAST.pdf

Directiva 2008/50/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 21 de mayo de 2008, relativa a la calidad del aire ambiente y a una atmósfera más limpia en Europa. 11 de junio del 2008. Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea, L 152. https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=DOUE-L-2008-81053

Ecologistas en Acción. (2023, 4 de mayo). Calidad del aire en los entornos escolares (2023). https://www.ecologistasenaccion.org/290689/informe-calidad-de-aire-en-colegios/

Faus, P. (Director). (2023, 19 de abril). Kinder City [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YpPonRiRhs

Gabauer, A., Knierbein, S., Cohen, N., Lebuhn, H., Trogal, K., Viderman, T., & Haas, T. (Eds.). (2021). Care and the city: Encounters with urban studies. Routledge.

Galan, S. (2025, 28 de noviembre). Number of cyclists killed in traffic in the Netherlands from 1996 to 2022. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/523310/netherlands-number-of-cyclist-road-fatalities/

Goodrick, D. (2014). Comparative case studies: Methodological briefs. Impact evaluation No. 9. UNICEF-IRC. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/methodological-briefs-impact-evaluation-no-9-comparative-case-studies

Hall, D. (2023, 4 de abril). Episode 531: De Fiets is Niets. 99% Invisible. https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/531-de-fiets-is-niets/transcript

Hembrow, D. (2009, 4 de mayo). The first cycle path in the Netherlands. A View from the Cycle Path. http://www.aviewfromthecyclepath.com/2009/05/first-cycle-path-in-netherlands.html

Institute for the Road Safety Research. (2024). Verkeersdoden in Nederland. https://swov.nl/nl/factsheet/verkeersdoden-nederland

Künzli, N., & Pérez, L. (2007). Los beneficios para la salud pública de la reducción de la contaminación atmosférica en el área metropolitana de Barcelona. Centre de Recerca en Epidemiologia Ambiental; Generalitat de Catalunya.

Latour, B. (2001). La esperanza de Pandora. Ensayos sobre la realidad de los estudios de la ciencia (T. Fernández Aúz, Trad.). Gedisa.

Ley 10.257, de 10 de julio de 2001. Regula los artículos 182 y 183 de la Constitución Federal, establece directrices generales de la política urbana y dicta otras disposiciones. 10 de julio del 2001. Presidencia de la República Federativa del Brasil, Casa Civil. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/leis_2001/l10257.htm

Lévy, P. (1997). Collective intelligence: Mankind’s emerging world in cyberspace (R. Bononno, Trad.). Perseus Books.

Long, G. (2016, 21 de julio). “Get yourself a bike, perico!”: How cycling is challenging Santiago’s social barriers. The Guardian Cities. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/jul/21/cycling-challenging-santiago-chile-social-barriers

Magrinyà, F. (2023, 16 de marzo). Eixos verds: de Barcelona als municipis, vianants i bicicletes primer [Diapositivas de Power Point]. Curso “La ciutat dels 15 minuts”. Diputación de Barcelona.

Mahiques, A. (2022, 16 de febrero). “Parad el asesinato de niños”: así consiguieron los holandeses que la bici ganara al coche. El Diario. https://www.eldiario.es/ballenablanca/365_dias/parad-asesinato-ninos-consiguieron-holandeses-bici-ganara-coche_1_8738895.html

Mexico City Charter for the Right to the City. (2010). Global platform for the right to the city – Right2City. https://www.right2city.org/document/mexico-city-charter-for-the-right-to-the-city/

Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management. (1999). The Dutch bicycle master plan. Description and evaluation in an historical context. Directorate-General for Passenger Transport. https://hembrow.eu/studytour/TheDutchBicycleMasterPlan1999.pdf

Miraftab, F. (2023, 13 de febrero). Planning for humane urbanism through solidarity and radical care. Society & Space. https://www.societyandspace.org/articles/planning-for-humane-urbanism-through-solidarity-and-radical-care

Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi, H. (1995). The knowledge-creating company: How Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation. Oxford University Press.

Plataforma Global por el Derecho a la Ciudad. (2010). Documentos de referencia. Global Platform for the Right to the City – Right2City. https://www.right2city.org/

Polanyi, M. (1966). The tacit dimension. Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Real Decreto 102/2011, de 28 de enero, relativo a la mejora de la calidad del aire. 29 de enero de 2011. Boletín Oficial del Estado, n.º 25, pp. 9786-9812. https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2011/01/28/102

Raap, S., Knibbe, M., & Horstman, K. (2022). Caring neighbourhoods: maintaining collective care under neoliberal care reforms. European Journal of Social Work, 25(5), 867-879. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2021.1997928

Revolta Escolar. (s. f.). Homepage. https://www.revoltaescolar.cat/

Rheingold, H. (2002). Smart mobs: The next social revolution. Basic Books; Hachette Book Group.

Rodela, R., Williams, M., Ohlsson, J., & Sandström, I. (2025). Six propositions for care-centric planning and governance that promote sustainable cities. NPJ Urban Sustainability, 5, Artículo 21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-025-00214-y

Sommer, R. (1969). Personal space: The behavioral basis of design. Prentice Hall.

Spade, D. (2022). Apoyo mutuo. Construir solidaridad en sociedades en crisis. Traficantes de Sueños.

Spink, P. (2019). Beyond public policy. A public action languages approach. Edward Elgar.

Ubalde, M., & Honey-Rosés, J. (Coords.). (2023). Protegim les escoles: avaluació dels entorns pacificats del programa Protegim Les Escoles 2021 de la ciutat de Barcelona. ISGlobal; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Ayuntamiento de Barcelona. https://ddd.uab.cat/record/285351

U. S. Department of Transportation. (2019). The Dutch approach to bicycle mobility: Retrofitting street design for cycling. Federal Highway Administration.

Wagenbuur, M. (2013a, 1 de diciembre). Car Free Sundays, a 40 year anniversary. Bicycle Dutch. https://bicycledutch.wordpress.com/2013/12/01/car-free-sundays-a-40-year-anniversary/

Wagenbuur, M. [BicycleDutch]. (2013b, 12 de diciembre). Amsterdam children fighting cars in De Pijp, 1972 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YY6PQAI4TZE

Walker, I., Tapp, A., & Davis, A. (2023). Motonormativity: how social norms hide a major public health hazard. International Journal of Environment and Health, 11(1), 21-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijenvh.2023.135446

Published

2026-04-27

Issue

Section

Sección Temática

How to Cite

Quintáns-Pintos, I., & Íñiguez-Rueda, L. (2026). Care and social language linked to the built environment: Amsterdam and Barcelona cases. Limaq, 017, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.26439/limaq2026.n017.7911