Producción y optimización de celulosa bacteriana a partir de jugo de raquis de banano (Musa spp.) pretratado con ozono mediante diseño Box–Behnken
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26439/ing.ind2026.n50.8611Palabras clave:
celulosa bacteriana, raquis de banano, ozono, optimización, superficie de respuesta, escalamientoResumen
La valorización del raquis de banano (RB) constituye una estrategia clave en la bioeconomía circular de regiones tropicales. Este estudio evaluó la producción de celulosa bacteriana (CB) por Komagataeibacter hansenii ATCC 23769 utilizando jugo de raquis de banano (JRB) pretratado con ozono (600 mg O2 h-¹). Mediante un diseño Box-Behnken, se identificaron la fracción volumétrica de JRB (25-75 % v/v) y el tiempo de fermentación (7-21 días) como factores críticos del rendimiento, mientras que el tiempo de ozonización (10-30 min) mostró un efecto limitado. Bajo condiciones óptimas (75 % v/v de JRB, 21 días de fermentación), se alcanzó un rendimiento máximo de 6,00 ± 0,56 g L-¹, con un modelo de superficie de respuesta de R² = 0,7894. El escalamiento a un biorreactor estático de 20 L confirmó la robustez del sistema, manteniendo ~6 g L-¹. La caracterización mediante FTIR-ATR, XRD y TGA confirmó la presencia de celulosa tipo I de alta pureza estructural. Estos resultados posicionan al JRB pretratado con ozono como un sustrato sostenible para producir CB, lo que contribuye a la valorización de residuos agroindustriales.
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