General guidelines

We welcome research articles on issues related to business and economics, whether theoretical or empirical, qualitative or quantitative, micro or macro, retrospective or prospective.

Without excluding other types of studies, priority is given to those focused on problems of economic and business development of countries.

Articles must be original. They must not have been published in another journal or be under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Articles are accepted in English or Spanish.

Articles must comply with all the formal requirements set out in these guidelines. To do this, authors can place the text of their article on the template that already has the formats ready (you can vary the names and quantity corresponding to sections 2, 3 and 4 as appropriate). The template can be downloaded here.

 

Text structure

The title of articles should be clear and informative and not exceed 25 words. It should be in Spanish (bold) and English (italics).

There should be an "Abstract" of no more than 250 words followed by no more than 5 "Keywords", each separated by a comma. Underneath should be the same in English, i.e. an "Abstract" and the respective "Keywords". Then you must also add between one and three "JEL codes" that correspond to the subject(s) of the article (you can see the list of codes here).

Every article should have an "Introduction", followed by a development section(s) (e.g. "Literature Review", "Methodology", "Results"), and finally a "Conclusions" section. This should be followed by a "References" section with details of all documents cited. Optionally, "Annexes" can be added.

 

Author details

In addition to his/her name, the author should state his/her institutional affiliation (university, programme, project, network) including the city and country to which his/her institution belongs. A hierarchical order should be followed when stating the institutional affiliation. In the case of universities this would be: university, faculty and department. For example: "Universidad de Lima, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Departamento de Economía, Lima, Perú".

All authors must include their ORCID code. If you do not have one, you must create one according to the steps detailed here.

 

Text format

To be written in a Word document on A4 paper size with top and bottom margins of 2.5 cm and right and left margins of 3 cm.

 Articles should be no less than 4,000 and no more than 10,000 words in total.

The typeface should be Times New Roman with size 12 for the body of the text and 10 in the titles of tables and figures, as well as in footnotes.

Paragraphs should be 1.5 line spacing and 6 points leading and trailing spacing. An Enter should be given at the end of each section.

An indentation of 1 cm should be used for the beginning of each paragraph with the sole exception of the first paragraph of each section or sub-section.

Do not include page breaks or section breaks.

Only include footnotes as necessary.

Pages should not be numbered.

Subheadings for each section should be written in bold and in all capital letters (e.g., "INTRODUCTION"). If there are sub-sections, they should be written in bold (e.g., "Empirical evidence").

For mathematical formulae preferably use Word's Equation Editor.

Decimals should be separated by commas.

Textual quotations of more than 40 words should be placed in a separate paragraph, without inverted commas and all indented by 1 cm.

 

Tables and figures

All tables and figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals (all in bold) and after an ENTER, the name of the table or figure should be in italics. It must be in left-aligned text. The font size should be 10 points. For example:

Figure 1

Evolution of GDP and exports, 1980-2020.

Any table or figure should have a caption with "Note:" and then the institution or source document (e.g., "BCRP (2021)" or "Pérez (2019)") or "Note: Own elaboration with data from...", if applicable. This should appear in justified text immediately below the table or figure.

In the case of tables presenting figures with decimals, all of them must have the same number of decimals and not exceed 4 decimals.

Tables must be in editable text format, not as screenshots.

Figures should be sharp images (JPG format with a resolution of at least 300 dpi) and proportionally constructed, i.e., not too wide and not too high.

Figures should include only the necessary number of colours to clearly show the message.

All figures should clearly indicate the unit of measurement on the graphic itself. All axes must be named.

 

Research materials

Reference should always be made to the databases used, so that any reader can know specifically where the data were obtained from.

If programming codes are used for quantitative processing, these should also be referenced by citing the instruction, guide, manual, article or web page from which the code was obtained.

Studies that have used surveys should include the blank survey form as an "Annex".

 

Credits to authors

All authors must be listed in the document. An author is considered to be an author who fulfils at least one of the roles in the Credit Authorship Statement.

According to the Credit Authorship Statement the following 14 authorship roles are considered: 1) conceptualisation, 2) methodology, 3) software, 4) validation, 5) data analysis, 6) research, 7) resources, 8) data curation, 9) writing - preparing the first draft, 10) writing - revising and editing, 11) visualisation, 12) supervision, 13) project management, 14) acquiring funding.

At the end of the text of the article and before the references section, the name of each author should be put again, indicating below which of the 14 roles he/she fulfilled.

 

References

All documents cited in the body of the article should appear in the References section and vice versa.

References should be listed in alphabetical order and indented 1 cm from the second line.

APA (2020) format should be strictly followed when citing documents in the body of the article and also when listing the documents cited in the References section. For more details see the following instructions: https://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12724/3829/Citas_referencias_APA_2020.pdf?sequence=17&isAllowed=y. Citations of more than 40 words should be in a separate paragraph indented by 1 cm. Likewise, quotations (direct or indirect) within the text must follow the corresponding styles such as: "Pérez (2018) argues that...", "Huang et al. (2020) find that...", "... the dynamics of the model (King & Baxter, 2008)", "... as shown by several studies (see Jaramillo, 2010; Obanto, 2017; Zubieta, 2020)". Here are some examples of referencing (section "References") for the most common types of documents (note all the details of capitalisation, lowercase, dots, commas, italics, etc.):

Journal articles

Knutsen, C. H., Kotsadam, A., Olsen, E. H., & Wig, T. (2017). Mining and local corruption in Africa. American Journal of Political Science 61(2), 320-334.

Books

Huntington, S. (1968). Political Order in Changing Societies. Yale University Press.

Articles in edited academic volumes

Gupta, S., Davoodi, H., & Tiongson, E. (2001). Corruption and the provision of health care and education services. En A. Jain (Ed.), The Political Economy of Corruption (pp. 123-153). Routledge.

Working Papers

Hamilton, A., & Hammer, C. (2018). Can we measure the power of the grabbing hand? A comparative analysis of different indicators of corruption. [Policy Research Working Paper n.° 8299]. World Bank.

Thesis

Salazar García, M. L. S. (2007). Data mart fiscal como soporte para la toma de decisiones del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas [Tesis de maestría]. Universidad de Lima.

Database

Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (2021). Producto bruto interno por tipo de gasto (millones de S/ 2007) – PBI. https://estadisticas.bcrp.gob.pe/estadisticas/series/trimestrales/resultados/PN02538AQ/html

Programming code

Stata (2021). Ologit. https://www.stata.com/manuals/rologit.pdf