About the Journal

Peruvian Journal of Management (PJM) is the peer-reviewed, open access, biannual, refereed journal of the Graduate School of the University of Lima. The first issue runs from April to September and is published in April. The second issue, from October to March, is published in October. However, individual manuscripts that successfully pass the peer review process from the second issue onwards are published in continuous publication. Articles in continuous publication can now be cited using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The journal accepts submissions in both Spanish and English and is published in print (ISSN: 3084-7540) and electronic (e-ISSN: 3084-7524) versions. PJM follows the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing (DOAJ).

CONTENT

1. Approach and scope
    1.1 Coverage
    1.2 Types of manuscripts
2. Mission, vision, objective
    2.1 Mission Statement
    2.2 Vision
    2.3 Objective
3. Financial Model
4. Periodicity and frequency of publication
5. Open Science
    5.1 Open access and adherence to good principles
    5.2 Open data
    5.3 Preprints
       5.3.1 Preprints Policy
6. Peer review Process
    6.1 Considerations for reviewers in this process
       6.1.1 Familiarity with the journal guidelines
       6.1.2 The review process itself
       6.1.3 Drafting the review
7. Code of ethics and malpractice
    7.1 Journal editorial ethics
    7.2 Considerations for authors
    7.3 Considerations for editors
    7.4 Considerations for reviewers
    7.5 Malpractice
8. Digital document preservation policy
9. Retraction policy
    9.1 Policy on errata, corrections and retractions
       9.1.1 Errata
       9.1.2 Corrections
       9.1.3 Retractions
       9.1.4 Deletion of articles
       9.1.5 Appeals and complaints
10. Code of ethics references

 

1. APPROACH AND SCOPE

The PJM disseminates scientific articles in areas such as management, economics, accounting, organisational management and related disciplines. It is aimed at national and international authors interested in the theory and practice of these disciplinary fields.

1.1. Coverage: Coverage includes, but is not limited to:

• Management
• Strategy
• Organisation
• Marketing
• Human Resources Management
• Finance
• Economic Sciences
• Accounting
• Management Information Systems
• Innovation and Entrepreneurship
• Corporate Social Responsibility
• Operations Management and Quality
• Supply Chain Management
• Hospitality and Tourism
• Shipping and Logistics
• Business Law
• Organisational communication
• Taxation and Fiscal Policy
• Managing cities

1.2. Types of manuscripts: The journal accepts original articles and reviews.

a) Original articles (aspects to be considered in the Methodology chapter)

- Quantitative approach: The methodology must include at least the following points: (i) Research design, (ii) Population or sample and unit of analysis, (iii) Data collection techniques and instruments, (iv) Analysis processing, and ethical aspects.

- Qualitative approach: The following aspects should be considered: (i) Research design, (ii) Participants (inclusion and exclusion criteria, number, sample selection criteria), (iii) Instruments, (iv) Data collection and analysis procedure, and (v) Ethical aspects, quality, and possible biases.

- Bibliometric/scientometric approach: Aspects to consider: (i) Source(s) of information and data collection (if it is a bibliometric study at the disciplinary level or field of research, make explicit the search equation/chain and use the PRISMA flowchart to make explicit the selection process (inclusion/exclusion) of the final documents or records), (ii) Data processing, analysis and table of dimensions and indicators.

- Articles on business law, taxation and tax policy: Research articles are accepted where the structure of each article follows the criteria according to the scope and design of the study.

b) Review articles

The following are accepted: scoping review, narrative review, systematic review, literature mapping review or state of the art review. Each author must follow the format according to the type of review. However, for systematic and scoping reviews you should use the PRISMA diagram and include the equation or search string used for document retrieval. The following article shows most types of reviews: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x 

Likewise, for articles with bibliometric methodology that have a thematic or disciplinary focus, the PRISMA flowchart should be included.

 

2. MISSION, VISION AND OBJECTIVE

2.1 MISSION
To be a solid and enriching link between theory and practice in the field of management and related disciplines. We promote cutting-edge scientific research and its effective application to drive excellence in organisations.

2.2. VISION
Our vision is to be a beacon of excellence and leadership in the dissemination of scientific knowledge. We seek to inspire science-based organisational decision-making for the development of effective, innovative and sustainable strategies.

2.3 OBJECTIVE
To promote critical thinking and progress in areas such as management, economics, accounting, organisational management and related disciplines by providing a research environment that fosters rigorous methodologies and offers practical solutions to today's organisational challenges.

 

3. FINANCING MODEL

PJM is edited and published by the University of Lima. It is important to note that it has the diamond open access model, which means that full access to the article does not entail any cost for the authors or for the readers of the journal.

 

4. PERIODICITY AND FREQUENCY OF PUBLICATION

The journal PJM is published every six months. The first issue covers the months of April to September and is published in April. The second issue runs from October to March and is published in October. However, from the second issue onwards, individual manuscripts that successfully pass the peer review process are published in continuous publication mode with their respective DOI.

 

5. OPEN SCIENCE

5.1 OPEN ACCESS AND ADHESION TO GOOD PRINCIPLES
The journal is an open access diamond, following the recommendations of the Declaration of San Francisco (DORA) and the principles of the Leiden Manifesto, which promote the responsible and transparent use of metrics for evaluation, highlighting their limitations and warning against their inappropriate use. In addition, we follow the principles of the Coalition for the Advancement of Research Assessment (CoARA), with the aim of promoting transparent evaluation practices that recognise and appropriately value the diverse forms of research contribution. Hand in hand with these commitments, the journal strives to promote a research culture that encourages, promotes and values the quality, integrity and positive impact of research.

5.2 OPEN DATA
The PJM actively promotes open data and research data management. This initiative aims to facilitate transparency, data sharing and verification of results. In addition, it aims to strengthen scientific research by encouraging collaboration and re-use of previous research, thus promoting diversity of analysis and opinion.

Authors are requested to deposit their research data in the data repositories of their institutions or in global repositories such as Zenodo, Figshare, Dataverse Project, Dryad, among others. Authors who deposit the dataset in specialised repositories are asked to attach the link in the Methodology chapter of the article. In case of legal and ethical constraints, the reasons and how these data could be accessed should be indicated.

Authors affiliated with the University of Lima will have the possibility to deposit their research data in the university repository if they wish to do so. To do so, they should contact [email protected] to obtain the registration form and follow the procedure.

Examples for Open Data citation from the APA Publication Manual 4th edition (2021, ch. 10.9):

• In-text citation example

  Parenthetical citations: (D'Souza & Wiseheart, 2018; National Center for Education Statics, 2016; Pew Research Center, 2018)
  Narrative citations: D'Souza & Wiseheart (2018), National Center for Education Statistic (2016) and Paw Research Center (2018).

• Example open data citation in reference list

  D’Souza, A., & Wiseheart, M (2018). Cognitive effects of music and dance training in children (ICPSR 37080; Version V1) [Dataset]. ICPSR. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR37080.v1

  National Center for Education Statistics. (2016). Fast Responde Survey System (FRSS): Teachers’ use of educational technology in U.S. public schools, 2009 (ICPSR 35531; Version V3) [Dataset and codebook]. National Archive of Data on Arts and Culture. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR35531.v3

  Pew Research Center (2018). American trends panel Wave 26 [Dataset]. https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/dataset/american-trends-panel-wave-26/

5.3 PREPRINTS

The journal is strongly committed to the dissemination and promotion of scientific research. It therefore supports authors who wish to share their manuscripts in preprint repositories. This action is undertaken in the firm belief that by sharing their findings at an early stage, authors can contribute to the advancement of knowledge in a rapid and collaborative manner.

5.3.1 PREPRINTS POLICY

The journal PJM encourages authors to deposit their work in preprint format. Preprints are scientific manuscripts that are uploaded to a repository or preprint server by the author without formal peer review. The preprint is the final version of the manuscript that is often submitted to a journal for peer review.

Preprints should be deposited in recognised, public and accessible preprint servers such as SciELO preprints, Elsevier's SSRN and SocArXiv. These three repositories were chosen because of their credibility and their orientation towards the Social Sciences. In the case of wanting to use another server, authors may consult and submit their request to the journal's email address [email protected]. This will ensure that the content is accessible, provide versioning options and links to the register of articles published in a journal.

Preprints can apply to the journal only if they have a permanent identification such as the Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The journal encourages authors to have their preprints licensed under a licence such as Creative Commons. Likewise, PJM allows and encourages citation of preprints. To do so, the citation should mention that it is a preprint and include a DOI. The citation should also include information about the version of the document.

Examples for citation of Preprints from the APA Publication Manual 4th edition (2021, ch. 10.8):

 

• Example of in-text citation
  Parenthetical citations: (Leuker et al., 2018; Stults-Kolehmainen & Sinha, 2015)
  Narrative citations: Leuker et al. (2018) and Stults-Kolehmainen and Sinha (2015)
• Example of citing a preprint in the reference list
  Leuker, C., Samartzidis, L., Hertwig, R., Pleskac, T. J. (2018). When money talks: Judging risk and coercion in high-paying clinical trials. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSFJO/9P7CB
  
  Stults-Kolehmainen, M. A., & Sinha, R. (2018). The effects of stress on physical activity and exercise. PubMed Central. https://www.ncbi.nlm.hih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3894304 

 

The identity of the authors is known, because the manuscripts will be available in a preprint repository. That is why the evaluation of the article will be by single-blind peer review. That is, the authors will not know the identity of the reviewers, but the reviewers will know the identity of the authors.

If the article is subsequently accepted for publication in the journal, the preprint and the article will be linked together when the document is online.

Authors should contact the journal at [email protected] if they have any questions about this process.

 

6. PEER REVIEW PROCESS
The journal has a double-blind peer review process. This process is explained in detail in the manuscript evaluation in the "Editorial Process for Manuscript Evaluation and Dissemination Plan" section of the Guidelines for Authors.

External reviewers take into account the following guidelines, which are described below:

6.1 Considerations for reviewers in this process

6.1.1 Familiarity with journal guidelines

Reviewers should be familiar with the review guidelines and code of ethics provided by the journal. If they have any questions, they can contact the editor at [email protected].

6.1.2 The review process itself

Article overview and contribution: In this first reading, reviewers seek to gain first impressions and a general understanding of the article, always based on the most recent research in the field. Reviewers will ensure that the article is aligned with the purpose of the journal and, above all, identify the impact it may have on the research discipline.

Reading: Reviewers conduct a detailed reading of the article with the aim of obtaining a complete and objective evaluation. During this review, reviewers will consider the following aspects of the article:

1. The contribution of the article to the discipline
2. The academic rigour and accuracy
3. The style and structure of the article

6.1.3 Drafting the review

The journal provides reviewers with a review form (download) which outlines the aspects that a quality article should have. The review will guide the editor and indicate one of four possible decisions:

1. Accept this submission (no changes)
2. Publishable with minor changes
3.  Resubmit for review (new round) / Publishable with major changes
4. Not publishable

 

7. CODE OF ETHICS AND MALPRACTICE

7.1 EDITORIAL ETHICS OF THE JOURNAL
The University of Lima is committed to the integrity of all scientific articles it publishes. The value of the University's scholarly publications is founded on the ethical behaviour of the editorial staff and all those involved.

The ethical conduct guidelines of the PJM journal follow the principles of "transparency and good practice in scholarly publishing", established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the "Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing" (DOAJ), as well as the Singapore Declaration on Integrity in Research. These guidelines ensure adherence to ethical standards and promote transparency at all stages of the publication process.

Integrity at all levels
The PJM is committed to maintaining honesty throughout the entire process, from the receipt of scientific articles to their publication. This principle of honesty applies to the entire team involved in the management of the journal, including editors, authors and reviewers. Likewise, this process is completely impartial and objective, prioritising the quality of the research over the origin of the authors. This commitment aims to maintain a standard of quality in all published articles, in line with ethics and good scientific practice. It seeks to ensure that the contents are truthful, reliable and conform to the required academic standards.

Editorial process
The editorial process of the journal is completely impartial and objective, which prioritises the quality of the research.

Plagiarism
The journal is committed to publishing only papers that are original, provide novelty in the field of study, present valuable and replicable results, and have a validated and reliable methodology. In case of suspicion of plagiarism, the necessary investigations will be carried out and, if the fault is confirmed, the journal will issue a report that will prevent the authors involved from submitting future articles to the journal for a certain period of time due to the seriousness of this punishable action.

It is essential to maintain the academic integrity and ensure the originality of the published works. For this reason, all articles received will pass through the Turnitin anti-plagiarism software, whose maximum permitted threshold is 10% similarity.

Data protection and digital rights
All published works are subject to a Creative Commons BY 4.0 licence. It should be noted that the journal will not use the articles and data provided by the authors for commercial or similar purposes under any circumstances.

Response to irresponsible research practices
In case of suspicion or identification of research misconduct, the journal will follow the guidelines established by COPE. In case of confirmed misconduct, immediate and necessary action will be taken. In addition, PJM will ensure the protection of those who, in good faith, report such behaviour.

Transparency of decisions
The journal is committed to ensuring that all editorial decisions are communicated in a transparent manner to the authors and reviewers involved in the process. Furthermore, it will seek to provide clear explanations in relation to cases of rejection.

Use of artificial intelligence

The PJM adheres to the COPE statement on the use of artificial intelligence.

While it is possible for authors to use tools such as ChatGPT, it is important to emphasise that AI cannot replace the results of research or the authors' own writing. The journal values the contribution of artificial intelligence in the research process, but it is necessary to recognise that its implementation should complement and support the work of the authors, not replace their essential contribution. It is important to note that since AI can generate incorrect, incomplete or biased content, the authors are ultimately responsible for the content provided.

Because of the above, it is necessary for authors to state the purpose and use of these tools. To this end, at the end of the article, before references, authors should make the following statement:

Statement

In the preparation of this article, [name of the tool] was used for the purpose of [reason for use]. As author(s), I (we) assume full responsibility for the published content.

It is worth mentioning that this statement should not apply to the use of basic tools such as grammar check, spelling check, etc. It is important to note that if there is nothing to declare, it is not necessary to include this statement.

Non-preference policy
The journal guarantees the integrity of the peer review process and transparency at all stages of publication should any member of the editorial board wish to publish their research article in the journal. It is therefore stated that editorial board members will not receive any preferential treatment, and will be held to the same standards of quality, review and turnaround time as any other article.

7.2 CONSIDERATIONS FOR AUTHORS

Affiliations
The author's affiliation in the article should represent the institution(s) at which the research was submitted, conducted, supported and/or approved. In addition, authors should be aware of the affiliation policy and contractual obligations of their institution(s) before submitting their articles. The journal does not tolerate any kind of fraud related to institutional affiliations.

Integrity
Researchers must take responsibility for ensuring the reliability and veracity of their research. This implies conducting research in an ethical and rigorous manner, being transparent in the presentation and communication of their results.

Adherence to research regulations
Authors must be aware of their responsibilities as researchers. Therefore, they must comply with regulations and policies related to research.

Authorship
Researchers have a responsibility to be diligent about their contributions in all their publications and to ensure that they do not infringe the legal rights of other authors. The names of authors included in articles should correspond only to those who meet the criteria for authorship as set out in the ICMJE.

 

• Please refer to the following document to learn more: Limaymanta, C.H (15 Sept, 2023). Are you the author of a scientific article? Combat the vices of authorship! Scientific Society for Bibliometrics and Scientometrics. (SCBC)..https://www.ssbibliometrics.com/post/eres-autor-de-un-artículo-científico-combate-los-vicios-de-autoría 

 

Acknowledgement and acknowledgement in publications
Researchers should acknowledge or acknowledge in publications the names and roles of individuals who have made significant contributions to the research, including sponsors and others who do not meet the criteria for authorship.

Conflicts of Interest
Researchers have an obligation to disclose any conflicts of interest, whether personal, financial, intellectual, professional, or otherwise, that may compromise the reliability of their work at all stages of the research review and acceptance process.

Denouncing irresponsible research practices
All research authors are responsible for what they publish. Therefore, if there is the slightest suspicion of any research misconduct, such as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism or other irresponsible behaviour, which compromises their reliability, the editors of the journal(s) that may be affected and the relevant research authorities should be expressly informed. Furthermore, it is the authors' own responsibility to report any possible malpractice if they suspect it.

Social considerations
Authors have an ethical responsibility and obligation to society because their research provides valuable and beneficial knowledge. It is important that they conduct their work in an ethical and responsible manner, considering the social impact of their studies and communicating their results in an accessible way for the benefit of society at large.

7.3 CONSIDERATIONS FOR EDITORS

Author as top priority
The journal has a commitment to its authors based on the trust they place in it. For this reason, the journal is guided by the principle of giving the highest priority to authors and their research. This is reflected in the commitment to punctuality and objectivity on the part of reviewers and editors. These commitments are primarily intended to ensure that authors' manuscripts are treated fairly and efficiently. The journal seeks to offer authors a review and publication process that meets quality standards and is completed within a reasonable timeframe.

Conflict of interest
Editors must not use privileged information for personal gain, such as unauthorized use of data or ideas presented in articles for their own research or publications, or for the benefit of third parties. This commitment ensures the confidentiality and integrity of the review process and contributes to maintaining confidence in the scientific publication system.
If editors wish to publish in the journal, they must declare any potential or actual conflicts of interest that may arise. In these cases, it should be noted that the number of documents in each issue with affiliation from their own institution should not exceed 20%.

Reporting of Irresponsible Research Practices 
The journal is committed to integrity and good research practices. Therefore, editors have the responsibility to immediately report any suspicion or recognition of malpractice in research articles to the journal's editorial team. This will allow immediate and appropriate action to be taken to address irregularities and maintain the quality and reliability of the publication.

Objectivity in Decisions 
The editors are committed to ensuring the selection of specialized and qualified reviewers using the best possible criteria. This selection will be carried out fairly and objectively, with the aim of ensuring impartiality in decision-making.

Confidentiality
The editorial team is committed to maintaining the confidentiality of all information related to submitted articles, both those that advance to the next phase of evaluation and those that do not. This means that they will not disclose any information that could identify the authors or reveal details about the articles without the express consent of the authors.

No Preferences
The editors are firmly committed to managing the editorial flow transparently and accurately, ensuring that no preferences of any kind are granted. This impartial approach ensures a fair process for all authors and contributes to maintaining the integrity and quality of our scholarly publications..

7.4 CONSIDERATIONS FOR REVIEWERS

Professional Responsibility 
All reviewers must be familiar with the journal's guidelines regarding review processes and subsequent requirements in order to perform their work appropriately and achieve the best review possible. Reviewers are fully responsible for providing adequate justification for their decisions, whether positive or negative.

Conflict of interest
Peer reviewers are responsible for declaring and communicating to PJM any potential conflicts of interest of a personal, financial, intellectual, professional, political, or religious nature that may influence their reviews (Master et al., 2018).

Personal conflicts of interest occur when a person's individual interests—such as personal relationships, emotions, personal gain, and resentments—might influence their judgment or decisions. Financial conflicts arise when reviewers have financial interests in companies, organizations, or projects related to the work they are reviewing. This could include investments, sponsorships, or financial arrangements that could influence their judgment of the article. Intellectual conflicts of interest occur when reviewers have academic, theoretical, or methodological preferences that could bias their judgment, as well as deeply held beliefs or professional loyalties. Professional conflicts of interest arise when reviewers have work or institutional affiliations that could influence their review, especially if they are at institutions that compete with one of the article's authors or that might favor their decisions. Political conflicts of interest occur when political affiliations, ideologies, or loyalties influence reviewers' decisions regarding articles. Religious interests can also interfere with decisions, especially on ethical or moral issues such as abortion or contraception.

It is important that reviewers be transparent and disclose any relationships or situations that could compromise their impartiality or impact the objective evaluation of the manuscript. If you have any questions, please contact the PJM immediately.

According to the Birth Code of Scientific Integrity (Concytec, 2024), the following situations are considered conflicts of interest:

 

• Have regularly collaborated scientifically over the past three years on scientific research activities or publications with one of the researchers responsible for the proposal to be evaluated.
• Work in one of the institutions where the study you will evaluate was conducted.
• Have had an advisory or mentor relationship within the last three years with some of the participants in the proposal you will be evaluating.
• Have a personal, family, or contractual relationship with any of the researchers responsible for or collaborating with the proposal to be evaluated.
• Have a commercial or financial interest (for or against) in the development of the proposal to be evaluated.
• Having any type of relationship with a researcher responsible for the proposal that could harm the impartiality of the evaluation.

 

Confirmation of Participation 

Reviewers agree to respond to peer review invitations within a reasonable timeframe, even if they are unable to participate in the review process. It is understandable that a reviewer may have time constraints or circumstances that prevent them from accepting an invitation, so it is important that they respond to the review request and communicate whether or not they are available to participate. Furthermore, if a reviewer is already participating in a review period and for any reason is unable to complete it, it is essential that they immediately contact the journal editor at [email protected].

Confidentiality Policy 
Reviewers have the commitment and responsibility to respect the confidentiality of the peer review process. This implies that they must maintain the privacy and confidentiality of the documents and information to which they have access during the review process. Furthermore, they must refrain from using any information obtained during the process for their own benefit, that of others, or for the purpose of harming or discrediting others.

Impartiality
Reviewers must ensure the impartiality of their decisions. These decisions cannot be affected by considerations related to the nationality, religion, political beliefs, sex, or any other characteristic of the author(s) of the manuscript. In the double-blind peer review process, if the reviewer suspects the author's identity, they must notify the journal of this knowledge and any potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result.

Commitment to Research Ethics 
Reviewers have the responsibility to notify and report immediately to PJM Journal if they find any ethical irregularities, malpractice, or procedures that contravene scientific integrity in the reviewed research or in relation to its publication.

7.5 BAD PRACTICES 
The journal does not tolerate bad practices. If any irregularities in the articles are suspected or confirmed, appropriate measures will be taken as established by COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).

For more information check:

• Committee on Publication Ethics COPE (s.f). Case. https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Case
• Committee on Publication Ethics COPE (s.f.). Flowcharts. https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Flowcharts
• Committee on Publication Ethics COPE (s.f.). Guidance. https://publicationethics.org/guidance

Some examples of bad practices that the PJM combats are:

1. Scientific fraud
2. Plagiarism
3. Manuscript factory (paper mills)
4. Conflict of interest
5. Salami publication
6. Inbreeding in publications
7. Manipulation and trading of authorship
8. Exaggerating academic and scientific achievements on a CV or website
9. Expand the bibliographic references of a publication to increase the number of citations
10. Forced citations
11. Delaying the work of another researcher or thesis student
12. Misleading the public by presenting distorted information
13. Publish already published works
14. Among others

8. DIGITAL DOCUMENT PRESERVATION POLICY

The journal's content is stored on the University of Lima's servers, where periodic backups are made to keep it safe. This ensures the preservation and availability of its content for future generations. Additionally, the journal uses LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep). Stuff Safe), a program developed by the Stanford University Library that offers open-source technologies and services for secure and reliable digital preservation. This ensures the preservation and availability of your content.

 

9. RETRACTION POLICY

9.1 Política de erratas, correcciones y retractaciones

PJM Journal is committed to preserving the integrity and credibility of the scholarly record, ensuring that published articles are accurate and reliable. However, it recognizes that exceptional situations may arise that require corrections, retractions, or, in extreme cases, the deletion of an article. All such actions will be carried out with the utmost transparency and in compliance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), thus ensuring compliance with the most demanding ethical and editorial standards.

9.1.1 Erratas

An errata notice will be issued when, after publication, an error or omission attributable to the journal needs to be corrected. These errors may affect the publication's record or the reputation of the authors or the journal, but they do not compromise the academic integrity of the article.

Each error will be accompanied by a separate notice that clearly details the nature of the error and the changes made to the document.

In these cases:

• The correction will be made to the article.
• A note will be added at the end of the article with a reference to the errata notice.
• A separate errata or correction notice will be published, linked to the corrected version.
• The errata or correction document will have pagination and DOI.

9.1.2 Corrections

A notice of correction will be issued when, after publication, an error or omission attributable to the authors needs to be corrected. These errors may affect the publication record or the reputation of the authors or the journal, but they do not compromise the academic integrity of the article.

Each error will be accompanied by a separate notice that clearly details the nature of the error and the changes made to the document.

In these cases:

• The correction will be made to the article.
• A note will be added at the end of the article with a reference to the correction notice.
• A separate errata or correction notice will be published, linked to the corrected version.
• The correction document will be paginated and have a DOI.

9.1.3 Retractions

Retractions will be applied when a fundamental error is identified that invalidates the article's conclusions, or in cases of research misconduct or publication misconduct. Authors may request retraction of their articles if their reasons meet the following criteria:

• When there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either due to misconduct (such as data fabrication or image manipulation) or error (such as calculation or experimental errors).
• If the results have been previously published elsewhere without appropriate cross-referencing, permissions, or justification (for example, in cases of redundant or duplicate publication).
• If fraudulent authorship is detected.
• When there is evidence of a compromised peer review process.
• If unethical research practices and breaches of professional ethical codes are identified.

When the retraction of an article is determined:

• A watermark reading "Article Retracted" will be added to the published version of the article.
• The article title will be modified to include the label "Retracted article: [article title]".
• A separate retraction statement will be published entitled "Retraction: [article title]", linked to the retracted article and signed by the journal editors.
• The retraction statement will have pagination and DOI.

9.1.4 Deleting items

An article will only be removed in exceptional circumstances, when the problems are extremely serious and cannot be resolved through a correction or retraction notice.

This will only occur in the following cases:

• If the content is clearly defamatory or violates legal rights.
• When there is a court order requiring its removal.
• If your post poses a significant health risk.

In the event of deletion, the article's metadata, such as authorship and title, will be retained. The original text will be replaced by a document notifying the article of its deletion for legal reasons.

9.1.5 Appeals and Complaints

Authors have the right to appeal a decision to correct or retract by submitting a justified written statement to the editorial team l ([email protected])

Appeals will be reviewed in accordance with COPE principles and procedures to ensure a fair and transparent process.

 

10. REFERENCES TO THE CODE OF ETHICS

American Psychological Association. (2021). APA Publication Manual. Mexico: Editorial El Manual Moderno .

Committee on Publication Ethics COPE (n.d.). Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers (English). https://publicationethics.org/node/19886

Committee on Publication Ethics COPE (n.d.). Guidance. https://publicationethics.org/guidance

COPE (n.d.). Authorship and AI tools. https://publicationethics.org/cope-position-statements/ai-author

COPE Council. COPE Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers — English. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.9

COPE Council. Ethics toolkit for a successful editorial office: A COPE Guide — English. https://doi.org/10.24318/AkFpEBd1

World Conferences on Research Integrity (n.d.). Singapore Statement on Research Integrity. https://www.singaporestatement.org/

Presidential Resolution No. 028-2024-CONCYTEC-P. National Council for Science, Technology and Technological Innovation (March 7, 2024). https://www.gob.pe/institucion/concytec/normas-legales/5323788-028-2024-concytec-p

Master, Z., Werner, K., Smith, E., Resnik, D. B., & Williams-Jones, B. (2018). Conflicts of interest policies for authors, peer reviewers, and editors of bioethics journals. AJOB Empirical Bioethics, 9(3), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/23294515.2018.1510859

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                           

Updated:  March 12th, 2025