El rol de las denominaciones de origen en la actividad exportadora de las bodegas: el caso de España

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26439/pjm2025.n002.7872

Palabras clave:

exportación, denominación de origen, actividad de apoyo, consejo regulador

Resumen

Objetivo: este estudio examina cómo la afiliación a una denominación de origen (DO) influye en el desempeño exportador de las bodegas españolas, centrándose en el papel institucional que desempeñan los consejos reguladores en la promoción internacional del vino, una dimensión poco explorada en la literatura. Metodología: se realizaron dos encuestas a nivel nacional. Una estuvo dirigida a los 70 consejos reguladores existentes en España; la otra, a 687 bodegas adscritas a dichas DO. Se construyó un índice de apoyo a la internacionalización basado en tres dimensiones clave: logística, innovación y formación. Los consejos fueron clasificados según su nivel de apoyo para evaluar su impacto en el valor de las exportaciones. Resultados: surgieron dos perfiles institucionales claramente diferenciados: apoyo de alta y baja intensidad. En los consejos de baja intensidad, se observa una relación positiva entre la pertenencia a una DO y el valor exportador. En los de alta intensidad, la relación es más compleja, lo que sugiere la existencia de factores moderadores aún no analizados. Las actividades logísticas y de apoyo promocional resultaron ser las más frecuentes e impactantes. Originalidad/valor: este estudio ofrece aportes novedosos al vincular el desempeño exportador de las bodegas no solo con el prestigio de su DO, sino también con las acciones institucionales estratégicas de los consejos reguladores. Contribuye a una comprensión más amplia de cómo la gobernanza colectiva y las políticas públicas configuran la competitividad internacional en el sector agroalimentario.

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2025-10-17

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