La naturaleza del espacio en América: comprendiendo las teorías no eurocéntricas y no antropocéntricas para la arquitectura y el urbanismo
Resumen
Este ensayo se enfoca en cómo perspectivas alternativas sobre la relación entre los seres humanos y el resto del mundo natural pueden contribuir a la construcción de marcos intelectuales más inclusivos para comprender los paisajes culturales. Mediante una exploración de la producción académica reciente acerca de la decolonización de las teorías de la arquitectura y del urbanismo, se argumenta que el reconocimiento de los patrones de ocupación espacial en América por parte de diversos pueblos indígenas antes de la colonización es un primer paso útil para salir de las formas obstinadas de conocer y dar forma al mundo. El ensayo comienza con un cuestionamiento del nombre de las cosas. En particular, se sostiene que el término naturaleza debe ser desmantelado, ya que es inherentemente eurocéntrico. Asimismo, se describe cómo pensar de manera diferente acerca de la forma en que los pueblos indígenas manipularon plantas y animales de su entorno para producir alimentos y otros materiales útiles puede conducir a nuevas formas de concebir el urbanismo. Finalmente, se examina la tendencia de las teorías eurocéntricas a ser antropocéntricas en muchas disciplinas, y a asociar la colonización y su contraparte oscura, el modernismo, con la mejora progresiva e inevitable de la humanidad.
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