El estudio científico del estrés crónico en neurociencias y psicooncología
Resumen
Presentamos un análisis de las limitaciones metodológicas del estudio del estrés y del concepto de homeostasis. También, se describe un nuevo modelo acerca del estrés crónico, allostasis y carga allostática, que explica las interacciones entre el cerebro y los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune en las causas de enfermedades físicas y mentales. Ilustramos empíricamente, con base en nuestras investigaciones, cómo este nuevo marco metodológico de investigación científica permite la integración multidisciplinaria de las ciencias biomédicas y las ciencias del comportamiento, reflejando el gran avance científico actual observado en el campo de las neurociencias y de la psicooncología. Se examina el impacto negativo del estrés crónico en la salud del individuo, poniendo énfasis en el rol central que cumple el concepto del distrés emocional percibido. Presentamos la terapia cognitiva centrada en mindfulness como una respuesta de tratamiento multidisciplinario en las áreas de la neurociencia y la psicooncología.
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