La tragedia institucional del gasto público en Latinoamérica: una aproximación de datos de panel
Resumen
En el presente artículo, se analiza el impacto de los problemas institucionales —agrupados en las dimensiones de control de la corrupción, efectividad del gobierno, estabilidad política y ausencia de violencia/terrorismo, calidad regulatoria, rule of law y voice accountability— en el gasto público de los países latinoamericanos. Para ello, la investigación se basa en los efectos de los índices de gobernanza que presenta el Banco Mundial sobre el gasto público como porcentaje del PBI. Para el análisis, se utilizó un modelo econométrico de datos de panel, con el cual se halló que los índices de voice accountability y efectividad del gobierno aumentan el gasto público de los países debido a la creación de presupuestos participativos y mejoría en el bienestar de la población. Por el contrario, los índices de calidad regulatoria, estabilidad política, rule of law y control de corrupción disminuyen el uso del gasto público, debido a la poca colaboración de la ciudadanía respecto a las normas y leyes, además de la lamentable presencia de corrupción.
Citas
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