Protection against indirect expropriation: The road to clarification in modern investment treaties

Authors

  • José Germán Salcedo Machado Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26439/advocatus2025.n44.8199

Keywords:

Indirect expropriation, investment protection treaties, international law

Abstract

In this article, the author reviews the efforts undertaken for decades by investment doctrine and tribunals to interpret when an indirect expropriation occurs, and discusses the current trend towards textual clarification of this protection in modern investment protection treaties.

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Author Biography

  • José Germán Salcedo Machado, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.

    Abogado por la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
    Maestría en Derecho Internacional Económico por la Universidad de Warwick.

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Published

2025-07-22

Issue

No. 044 (2025)

Section

Especial

How to Cite

Protection against indirect expropriation: The road to clarification in modern investment treaties. (2025). Advocatus, 044, 91-103. https://doi.org/10.26439/advocatus2025.n44.8199