Depresión en personas que viven con VIH y SIDA: una revisión narrativa
Resumen
La depresión ha sido reconocida como uno de los trastornos psiquiátricos más prevalentes entre las personas que viven con VIH y SIDA (PVVS) asociada a un deterioro del funcionamiento social, disminución de la calidad de vida, adherencia pobre e inadecuada al tratamiento antirretroviral, pérdida de seguimiento médico, rápida progresión de la enfermedad y aumento de la mortalidad. Objetivo: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura con el propósito de sintetizar las principales teorías explicativas al respecto, sus características específicas en PVVS así como las intervenciones psicológicas que han mostrado efectividad para su abordaje. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en bases de datos electrónicas indexadas (PubMed y Scopus) incluyendo los términos HIV, depression, comorbidity, etiology and psychological. Se incluyeron artículos escritos en inglés y español, publicados entre julio de 2011 y julio de 2021 siguiendo los criterios de la Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) para asegurar la calidad de la revisión además de responder las preguntas de investigación. Resultados: A través de este documento es posible resaltar la importancia de la depresión en PVVS, así como proporcionar herramientas de información que permitan a los profesionales de la salud detectarla y abordarla. Conclusiones: La detección y el tratamiento de la depresión son esenciales en esta población. Se espera que la información condensada en esta revisión pueda fortalecer el trabajo diario del profesional de la salud en cuanto a la detección y tratamiento psicológico de la depresión en PVVS.
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